Deepika Padukone Hot Wallpaper Bikini In Saree Hot In Cocktail in White Shirt and Blue Jeans: Deepika Padukone Without Makeup Deepika Padukone Hot Wallpaper Bikini In Saree Hot In Cocktail In White Shirt And Blue Jeans In Childhood Ram Leela Hot Videos With Upen Patel In Ome Shanti Om

Deepika Padukone Without Makeup Biography

Source:- (google.com.pk)

Welcome to PakEarn.com (Facebook Photo Posting Jobs)

Cosmetics (colloquially known as makeup or make-up) are care substances used to enhance the appearance or odor of the human body. They are generally

mixtures of chemical compounds, some being derived from natural sources, many being synthetic.[1]
In the U.S., the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which regulates cosmetics,[2] defines cosmetics as "intended to be applied to the human body for cleansing,

beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the body's structure or functions." This broad definition also includes any material

intended for use as a component of a cosmetic product. The FDA specifically excludes soap from this category.[3]

The word cosmetics derives from the Greek κοσμητικὴ τέχνη (kosmetikē tekhnē), meaning "technique of dress and ornament", from κοσμητικός (kosmētikos),

"skilled in ordering or arranging"[4] and that from κόσμος (kosmos), meaning amongst others "order" and "ornament".[5] The first archeological evidence of

cosmetics comes from the hollowed out tombs of the Ancient Egyptian pharaohs.[6] Archaeological evidence of cosmetics dates at least from ancient Egypt and

Greece. According to one source, early major developments include:[1]
Castor oil used by ancient Egypt as a protective balm.
Skin creams made of beeswax, olive oil, and rosewater, described by Romans.
Vaseline and lanolin in the nineteenth century.
Nivea in 1911.
The Ancient Greeks also used cosmetics.[7][8] Cosmetics are mentioned in the Old Testament, such as in 2 Kings 9:30, where Jezebel painted her eyelids—

approximately 840 BC—and in the book of Esther, where various beauty treatments are described.
One of the most popular Traditional Chinese Medicines is the fungus Tremella fuciformis; used as a beauty product by women in China and Japan. The fungus

reportedly increases moisture retention in the skin and prevents senile degradation of micro-blood vessels in the skin, reducing wrinkles and smoothing fine lines.

Other anti-ageing effects come from increasing the presence of superoxide dismutase in the brain and liver; it is an enzyme that acts as a potent antioxidant

throughout the body, particularly in the skin.[9]
Cosmetic use was frowned upon at many points in Western history. For example, in the 19th century, Queen Victoria publicly declared makeup improper, vulgar, and

acceptable only for use by actors.[10]
During the sixteenth century, the personal attributes of the women who used make-up created a demand for the product among the upper class.[11]
Of the major cosmetics firms, the largest is L'Oréal, which was founded by Eugene Schueller in 1909 as the French Harmless Hair Colouring Company (now owned

by Liliane Bettencourt 26% and Nestlé 28%; the remaining 46% is traded publicly). The market was developed in the USA during the 1910s by Elizabeth Arden,

Helena Rubinstein, and Max Factor. These firms were joined by Revlon just before World War II and Estée Lauder just after.
Beauty products are now widely available from dedicated internet-only retailers,[12] who have more recently been joined online by established outlets, including the

major department stores and traditional bricks and mortar beauty retailers.
Although modern make-up has been traditionally used mainly by women, an increasing number of males are gradually using cosmetics usually associated to women

to enhance or cover their own facial features. Concealer is commonly used by cosmetic-conscious men. Cosmetics brands release cosmetic products especially

tailored for men, and men are increasingly using such products.[13]
Criticism and controversy[edit]

Further information: Campaign for Safe Cosmetics and Testing cosmetics on animals
Ethics[edit]
During the 20th century, the popularity of cosmetics increased rapidly.[14] Cosmetics are increasingly used by girls at a young age, especially in the United States.

[citation needed] Due to the fast-decreasing age of make-up users, many companies, from high-street brands like Rimmel to higher-end products like Estee Lauder,

cater to this expanding market by introducing flavored lipsticks and glosses, cosmetics packaged in glittery, sparkly packaging and marketing and advertising using

young models.[citation needed] The social consequences of younger and younger cosmetics use has had much attention in the media over the last few years.
Criticism of cosmetics has come from a wide variety of sources including some feminists, religious groups, animal rights activists, authors and public interest groups.
Safety[edit]
Cosmetic companies successfully resist regulation by government agencies like the FDA, and have also lobbied against this regulation throughout the years. The

FDA does not have to approve or review cosmetics, or what goes in them, before they are sold to the consumers. The FDA only regulates against the colors that

can be used in the cosmetics and hair dyes. The cosmetic companies do not have to report any injuries from the products; they also only have voluntary recalls of

products.[15]
There has been growing awareness of and preference for cosmetics lacking toxic ingredients, especially those derived from petroleum, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS),

and parabens.[16] Numerous reports have raised concern over the safety of a few surfactants. SLS causes a number of skin problems, including dermatitis.[17][18]

[19][20][21]
Parabens can cause skin irritation and contact dermatitis in individuals with paraben allergies, a small percentage of the general population.[22] Animal experiments

have shown that parabens have a weak estrogenic activity, acting as xenoestrogens.[23]
Synthetic fragrances are widely used in consumer products. Studies concluded from patch testing show synthetic fragrances are made of many ingredients which

cause allergic reactions.[24]
Cosmetics companies have been criticized for making pseudo-scientific claims about their products which are misleading or unsupported by scientific evidence.

[25][26]
Often, though, the speculation of safety of cosmetics originates from scare stories and internet hoaxes unsupported by science. Many ingredients deemed unsafe

by the media have been found safe by scientists in the EU where astringent regulations are enforced.[27][28][29][30]
Animal testing[edit]
Cosmetics testing on animals is particularly controversial. Such tests involve general toxicity, eye and skin irritancy, phototoxicity (toxicity triggered by ultraviolet

light) and mutagenicity.[31]
Cosmetics testing is banned in the Netherlands, Belgium, and the UK, and in 2002, after 13 years of discussion, the European Union (EU) agreed to phase in a near-

total ban on the sale of animal-tested cosmetics throughout the EU from 2009, and to ban all cosmetics-related animal testing. France, which is home to the world's

largest cosmetics company, L'Oreal, has protested the proposed ban by lodging a case at the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg, asking that the ban be

quashed.[32] The ban is also opposed by the European Federation for Cosmetics Ingredients, which represents 70 companies in Switzerland, Belgium, France,

Germany and Italy.[32]
Makeup types[edit]

Cosmetics include skin-care creams, lotions, powders, perfumes, lipsticks, fingernail and toe nail polish, eye and facial makeup, towelettes, permanent waves,

colored contact lenses, hair colors, hair sprays and gels, deodorants, hand sanitizer, baby products, bath oils, bubble baths, bath salts, butters and many other

types of products. A subset of cosmetics is called "make-up," which refers primarily to coloring products intended to alter the user’s appearance. Many

manufacturers distinguish between decorative cosmetics and care cosmetics.
Cosmetics that are meant to be applied to the face and eye area are usually applied with a brush or the fingertips.
Most cosmetics are distinguished by the area of the body intended for application.
Primer, come in various formulas to suit individual skin conditions. Most are meant to reduce the appearance of pore size, prolong the wear of makeup, and allow for

a smoother application of makeup, and are applied before foundation.
Lipstick, lip gloss, lip liner, lip plumper, lip balm, lip conditioner, lip primer, and lip boosters.[2] Lipsticks are intended to add color and texture to the lips and often

come in a wide range of colors, as well as finishes such as matte, satin and lustre. Lip stains have a water or gel base and may contain alcohol to help the product

stay on the lips. The idea behind lip stains is to temporarily saturate the lips with a dye. Usually designed to be waterproof, the product may come with an applicator

brush, rollerball, or be applied with a finger. Lip glosses are intended to add shine to the lips, and may also add a tint of color, as well as being scented or flavored.

Lip balms are most often used to moisturize and protect the lips. They often contain SPF protection.
Concealer, makeup used to cover any imperfections of the skin. Concealer is often used for any extra coverage needed to cover blemishes, undereye circles, and

other imperfections. Concealer is often thicker and more solid than foundation, and provides longer lasting, more detailed coverage. Some formulations are meant

only for the eye or only for the face.
Foundation is used to smooth out the face and cover spots or uneven skin coloration. Usually a liquid, cream, or powder, as well as most recently a light and fluffy

mousse. Foundation provides coverage from sheer to full depending on preference.[2] Foundation primer can be applied before or after foundation to obtain a

smoother finish. Some primers come in powder or liquid form to be applied before foundation as a base, while other primers come as a spray to be applied after

the foundation to help the make-up last longer.
Face powder is used to set the foundation, giving it a matte finish, and also to conceal small flaws or blemishes. Tinted face powders may also be worn alone as a

light foundation.
Rouge, blush or blusher is cheek coloring used to bring out the color in the cheeks and make the cheekbones appear more defined. Rouge comes in powder,

cream, and liquid forms.[2]
Contour powder/creams are used to define the face. They can be used to give the illusion of a slimmer face or to modify a person’s face shape in other desired

ways. Usually a few shades darker than one's own skin tone and matte in finish, contour products create the illusion of depth. A darker toned foundation/concealer

can be used instead of contour products for a more natural look.
Highlight, used to draw attention to the high points of the face as well as to add glow to the face, comes in liquid, cream, and powder forms. It often contains a

substance to provide shimmer. A lighter toned foundation/concealer can be used instead of highlight to create a more natural look.
Bronzer is used to give skin a bit of color by adding a golden or bronze glow, as well as being used for contouring.[2] It comes in either matte, semi matte/satin, or

shimmer finishes.
Mascara is used to darken, lengthen, thicken, or draw attention to the eyelashes. It is available in natural colors such as brown and black, but also comes in bolder

colors such as blue, pink, or purple. Some mascaras also include glitter flecks. There are many different formulas, including waterproof versions for those prone to

allergies or sudden tears. It is often used after an eyelash curler and mascara primer.[2] Many mascaras now have certain components intended to help lashes

appear longer and thicker.

Eye shadow being applied

Broadway actor Jim Brochu applies make-up before the opening night of a play.

The chin mask known as chutti for Kathakali, a performing art in Kerala, India, is considered the thickest makeup applied for any art form.
Eyeliner is used to enhance and elongate the size of the eye.
Eyebrow pencils, creams, waxes, gels and powders are used to color and define the brows.[2]
Nail polish is used to color the fingernails and toenails.[2] Transparent, colorless versions may be used to strengthen nails, or used as a top or base coat to protect

the nail or polish.
Setting Spray is used to keep applied makeup intact for long periods of time. An alternative to setting spray is setting powder, which may be either pigmented or

translucent.

Deepika Padukone Without Makeup Deepika Padukone Hot Wallpaper Bikini In Saree Hot In Cocktail In White Shirt And Blue Jeans In Childhood Ram Leela Hot Videos With Upen Patel In Ome Shanti Om